As seen during the 2005 CHIKV outbreak in La Réunion Island, where the predominant mosquito species was Ae. 2019 Oct 2;12(1):463. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3732-0. No, Is the Subject Area "Mammals" applicable to this article?
Briefly, the E proteins are involved in the attachment of the virus to receptors on the host membrane. Eggs will most often be placed at varying distances above the water line. The ZIKV Asiatic strain was probably introduced into Brazil in or around late 2013. The current epidemic in the Americas requires knowledge on the role of mammals, especially nonhuman primates (NHPs), in ZIKV transmission to humans.
Petersen L.R., Jamieson D.J., Powers A.M., and Honein M.A.
Zika virus. 2017 Nov 16;11(11):e0005933.
United Kingdom, Company no. A study in Kenya in 1977 focused on the potential role of livestock (goats, sheep, and cattle) and wild vertebrates (2,424 small mammals, 1,202 birds, 18 reptiles) in maintaining arbovirus transmission. [18] modeled the ZIKV transmission dynamics, estimating the numbers of primates and mosquitos needed to maintain a wild ZIKV cycle. Google Classroom Facebook Twitter. | albopictus, Ae. Larvae are often found around the home in puddles, tires, or within any object holding water.
albopictus, and other mosquito genera like Culex [19, 20] and Haemagogus throughout the country, ZIKV spillover to wild primates is a potentially real scenario [21]. The Brazilian CHIKV strains analyzed so far did not display mutations that increase CHIKV transmissibility and persistence in Ae. Potential for Zika Virus to Establish a Sylvatic Transmission Cycle in the Americas. Wild animals, especially primates, can thus be considered sentinels for pathogens of human health concern [48, 49].
Zika virus (ZIKV) was first isolated in 1947 in primates in Uganda, West Africa. The prM protein is cleaved, and the virion is rendered mature. Olson, J.G., Ksiazek, T.G., Suhandiman, Triwibowo. PCR-Based Bloodmeal Analysis of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) in St. George Parish, Grenada. Pierson TC, Diamond MS. Flaviviruses In: Knipe DM, Howley PM, editors, Fields Virol, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia; 2013. pp. We thus need studies on ZIKV in wild and domestic animals in the Americas, both to understand their potential role as hosts in the natural cycle and to target surveillance for enzootic ZIKV transmission. In: Virus Research Institute 409 Annual Report. Driving forces in the spread of diseases apply to the ZIKV epidemic, including anthropogenic activities, climatic change, intense human movement, loss of biodiversity, habitat destruction, land use change, introduction of invasive species, urban development, lack of knowledge on the role of animals in maintaining the sylvatic cycle, clinical manifestations, and wildlife trafficking. Although, the first Zika infection in humans was reported in a Nigerian man in 1953 [2], the virus was isolated from humans much later [3]. Does ZIKV impact wild animal populations and biodiversity? : GB182934091. Examples include primates from the Callitrichinae (Callithrix, Leontopithecus, and Saguinus), Cebinae (Cebus), and Atelidae families (Alouatta and Brachyteles) [52]. Althouse BM, Vasilakis N, Sall AA, Diallo M, Weaver SC, Hanley KA. Zika Virus: Life cycle and pathogenicity in humans Structure of ZIKV Similar to other flaviviruses, ZIKV is an enveloped, icosahedral virus with a non-segmented, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome, closely related to the Spondweni virus. Following viral infection the host’s immune system recognises viral proteins and elicits an antiviral response. Click here for more information about advertising. Such relationships include global concern over the importance of emerging zoonotic diseases originating in wildlife. When first laid, eggs appear white but within minutes turn a shiny black. Replication takes place on the ER surface. Virus taxonomy.
2019 Jun 27;56(4):1170-1175. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz037. Do neotropical primates play a special role in the ZIKV epidemic? The life cycle of ZIKV is similar to other known flaviviruses. Epelboin Y, Talaga S, Epelboin L, Dusfour I. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. Discover our range of publication services, and let us 'Help You Communicate Your research'!
This is the currently selected item. I. Isolations and serological specificity.
Infections in Brazilian primates have been reported recently, but the overall impact of this virus on wildlife in the Americas is still unknown. ZIKV was first identified in 1947 in primates during a YFV study in Uganda [5]. Future laboratory, field, and eco-epidemiological research should focus on wildlife hosts to elucidate their role in ZIKV epidemiology in the Americas and enhance the epidemic’s control.
The viral RNA is released into the cytoplasm following fusion of the viral and host membranes.
Fitzpatrick DM, Hattaway LM, Hsueh AN, Ramos-Niño ME, Cheetham SM.
Phylogenetic analysis shows that humans are more closely related to Old World primate species, especially chimpanzees and orangutans [39]. Presently, ZIKV is in contact with the rich biodiversity in all Brazilian biomes, bordering on other Latin American countries. Adults emerge by ingesting air to expand the abdomen thus splitting open the pupal case and emerge head first. Infections in Brazilian primates have been reported recently, but the overall impact of this virus on wildlife in the Americas is still unknown. Fig 1. Learn about the basic biology, origins, life cycle, and symptoms of Zika virus. Such areas are usually bordered or surrounded by farmland and human settlements and by dense urban and unstructured areas that can increase contact between humans, wildlife, and domestic animals and occasionally promote disease spillover [47, 48]. We cannot expect to completely block the emergence of diseases, considering vector spread due to our limited capacity to reverse climate change, the globalization of goods and people, and our mode of production and consumption of natural resources. eCollection 2017 Nov. Parasit Vectors. The Hamel et al study also showed that ZIKV infection triggered autophagy in the infected fibroblasts. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable.
ZIKV infection has also been identified in other naturally and experimentally susceptible animal species (Table 1 and Fig 1). [43] demonstrated the feasibility of infection in cell cultures from other mammalian species like carnivores, armadillos, rodents, and bats, thus raising the possibility of a transmission network shaped by biological and ecological factors. Glushakova LG, Alto BW, Kim MS, Hutter D, Bradley A, Bradley KM, Burkett-Cadena ND, Benner SA.
Role of Host Cell Secretory Machinery in Zika Virus Life Cycle. YFV, another flavivirus that circulates in a sylvatic cycle in the Americas, has a great impact on primate populations, especially those of genus Alouatta [53], which exhibit disease signs after infection and act as sentinel primates for viral circulation and for implementation of control measures like human vaccination campaigns. I. Isolations and serological specificity. Henderson BE, Hewitt LE, Lule M. Serology of wild mammals. The larvae pass through four instars, spending a short amount of time in the first three, and up to three days in the fourth instar. Faye O., Freire C.C.M., Iamarino A., Faye O., de Oliveira J.V.C, et al. Kostyuchenko, V.A., Lim, E.X.Y., Zhang, S., Fibriansah, G., Thiam-Seng Ng, Ooi J.S.G., Shi, J., Shee-Mei Lok. The review aims to contribute to epidemiological studies and the knowledge on the natural history of ZIKV. Studies of wild hosts are troublesome and costly, especially when they require long-term monitoring. The viral RNA is released into the cytoplasm following fusion of the viral and host membranes. The role of wild primates and other mammals in ZIKV epidemiology thus requires urgent investigation. Most etiological agents (60.3%) circulate between animals and humans, and 71.8% of emerging diseases are caused by pathogens originating in wildlife [44]. Althouse et al.
Yes The authors reviewed scientific articles and recent news stories on ZIKV in animals, showing that 47 animal species from three orders (mammals, reptiles, and birds) have been investigated for the potential to establish a sylvatic cycle. A wildlife cycle would launch new transmission dynamics with unknown impacts on other animal species, including humans. Recent phylogenetic and molecular studies suggest a single introduction of the ZIKV Asiatic strain into the Americas (Brazil) between May and December 2013 [15] and in February 2014 in Chile [16]. VAT no. The current ZIKV epidemic is no exception. those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). Evidence of natural Zika virus infection in neotropical non-human primates in Brazil. Zika Virus in Peridomestic Neotropical Primates, Northeast Brazil. Sylvatic cycles of arboviruses in non-human primates. Evolution of viruses. Based on the number of Brazilian primate species, the proximity of these and other small mammal species to urban and rural areas, and the wide distribution of Ae. [43] infected cell cultures from different animal species with ZIKV and showed that 17 were susceptible to the virus, developing a cytopathic effect seven days post infection. The biology of Zika virus. Historical time-line of ZIKV spread in humans and animals in the world. 2019 Mar;16(1):61-69. doi: 10.1007/s10393-019-01394-7. Potential for Zika virus to establish a sylvatic transmission cycle in the Americas. St John's Innovation Centre Evolutionary enhancement of Zika virus infectivity in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The review aims to contribute to epidemiological studies and the knowledge on the natural history of ZIKV.
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