when is layer normalization likely to not work well, and why


for example in Laarhoven or Hoffer et al.. This is done to work around a bug that was introduced in v2.1.5 (currently fixed on upcoming v2.1.6 and latest master). You will do to me a huge favor if you can tell me what you think the problem is here? It reduces overfitting because it has a slight regularization effects. During the first learning rate regime, our replicated training has model weights growing exponentially over time instead of maintaining a similar magnitude throughout because rather than using an L2 penalty to bound their scale, we’re simply adjusting the learning rate to be even larger to keep up.
With a little thought, this should not be surprising. I read the thread here and the one you started on GitHub. The Batch Normalization layer was introduced in 2014 by Ioffe and Szegedy. For those of you who haven’t, it’s a great library that abstracts the underlying Deep Learning frameworks such as TensorFlow, Theano and CNTK and provides a high-level API for training ANNs. You definitely saved my day and my project. With ADAM or other alternative With batch norm, models with smaller weights are no more or less “complex” than ones with larger weights, since rescaling the weights of a model produces an essentially equivalent model. Suppose that we’ve added it to some arbitrary layer. Obviously when the BN layer is not frozen, it will continue using the mini-batch statistics during training. and the behavior will be potentially different. So without an L2 penalty or other constraint on weight scale, introducing batch norm will introduce a large decay in the effective learning rate over time. This prevents the gradients and therefore the “effective” learning rate for that layer from decaying over time, making weight decay essentially equivalent to a form of adaptive learning rate scaling for those layers. pip3.6 install -U –force-reinstall –no-dependencies git+https://github.com/datumbox/keras.git, I can’t just get a huge help and go on my way. An L2 penalty term normally acts as a prior favoring models with lower “complexity” by favoring models with smaller weights. TF2 actually changed the semantics of the BN to operate exactly as proposed on my PR, so this problem is resolved in TF2 keras. We will force Keras to use different learning phases during evaluation. There is a pull-request but the maintainer decided not to merge. parameters, or weights, of a model (multiplied by some coefficient) is added As we will see, this has a major effect on the magnitude of the gradients. I personally would not change the behaviour of the Dropout. Retrieved from https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.06146)?
Let’s use Keras’ pre-trained ResNet50 (originally fit on imagenet), remove the top classification layer and fine-tune it with and without the patch and compare the results.

These normalizations are NOT just applied before giving the data to the network but may be applied at many layers of the network. Changes on the learning_phase will have no effect on models that are already compiled and used; as you can see on the examples on the next subsections, the best way to do this is to start with a clean session and change the learning_phase before any tensor is defined in the graph. The problem with the current implementation of Keras is that when a BN layer is frozen, it continues to use the mini-batch statistics during training. If the accuracy is close to 50% but the AUC is close to 1 (and also you observe differences between train/test mode on the same dataset), it could be that the probabilities are out-of-scale due the BN statistics. I see no reason why batch statistics should be used instead of precomputed ones when the layer is frozen, too bad fchollet has a different opinion. So, if we now try to apply this network to data with colored cats, it is obvious; we’re not going to do well.

Then by the 1 / \lambda^2 scaling of the gradient, this will in effect cause the learning rate to greatly decay over time.

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